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<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Introduction</h2>
<p class="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed mb-4">The <strong class="font-semibold text-gray-900">Present Perfect Tense</strong> is used to describe actions or situations that started in the past and have relevance to the present moment. It is often used to indicate experiences or changes over time.</p>

<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Grammar Rules / Structure</h2>
<p class="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed mb-4">The present perfect tense is formed using the auxiliary verbs <em>have</em> or <em>has</em> followed by the past participle of the main verb.</p>
<div class="bg-blue-50 border-l-4 border-blue-500 px-4 py-3 my-4 text-blue-800 font-mono text-sm">
Subject + have/has + past participle
</div>

<h3 class="text-xl font-semibold text-gray-700 mt-6 mb-3">Affirmative Sentences</h3>
<table class="w-full border-collapse border border-gray-300 mb-6">
  <thead class="bg-gray-100">
    <tr>
      <th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Subject</th>
      <th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Auxiliary</th>
      <th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Past Participle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">I</td>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">have</td>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">visited</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">She</td>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">has</td>
      <td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-2 text-gray-700">finished</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

<h3 class="text-xl font-semibold text-gray-700 mt-6 mb-3">Negative Sentences</h3>
<p class="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed mb-4">To make a sentence negative, add <em>not</em> after <em>have</em> or <em>has</em>.</p>
<div class="bg-blue-50 border-l-4 border-blue-500 px-4 py-3 my-4 text-blue-800 font-mono text-sm">
Subject + have/has + not + past participle
</div>

<h3 class="text-xl font-semibold text-gray-700 mt-6 mb-3">Question Sentences</h3>
<p class="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed mb-4">To form a question, invert the subject and the auxiliary verb.</p>
<div class="bg-blue-50 border-l-4 border-blue-500 px-4 py-3 my-4 text-blue-800 font-mono text-sm">
Have/Has + subject + past participle?
</div>

<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Signal Words / Key Indicators</h2>
<ul class="list-disc list-inside space-y-2 mb-4 text-gray-700">
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">already</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">yet</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">just</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">ever</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">never</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">since</span></li>
  <li><span class="bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 px-1 rounded font-medium">for</span></li>
</ul>

<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Examples</h2>
<ul class="list-disc list-inside space-y-2 mb-4 text-gray-700">
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(+) They have completed the project successfully.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(+) John has traveled to three different countries this year.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(-) We haven’t seen that movie yet.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(-) She has not received any letters from him.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(?) Have you ever tried sushi?</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(?) Has the package arrived?</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(+) I have just finished reading the book.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(-) They haven’t been to the new restaurant yet.</span></li>
  <li><span class="text-green-600 font-medium">(?) How long have you lived here?</span></li>
</ul>

<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Common Mistakes</h2>
<div class="bg-red-50 border-l-4 border-red-500 px-4 py-3 my-4 text-red-800">
  <p><span class="text-red-500 font-medium line-through">He have gone to the store.</span> vs <span class="text-green-600 font-medium">He has gone to the store.</span></p>
  <p><span class="text-red-500 font-medium line-through">We has finished our homework.</span> vs <span class="text-green-600 font-medium">We have finished our homework.</span></p>
  <p><span class="text-red-500 font-medium line-through">Did you ever visited Paris?</span> vs <span class="text-green-600 font-medium">Have you ever visited Paris?</span></p>
</div>

<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-800 mt-8 mb-4">Quick Tip</h2>
<div class="bg-green-50 border-l-4 border-green-500 px-4 py-3 my-4 text-green-800">
  <p>Remember that the <strong class="font-semibold text-gray-900">present perfect tense</strong> connects the past with the present. Use it to show that a past action has an effect on the present moment.</p>
</div>

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